Eight Types of Product– Service System: Eight Ways to Sustainability? Experiences from Suspronet
نویسنده
چکیده
Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment Function-oriented business models or product–service systems (PSSs) are often seen as an excellent means for achieving ‘factor 4’. SusProNet, an EU network on PSSs, showed a more complicated reality. At least eight different types of PSS exist, with quite diverging economic and environmental characteristics. The economic potential of each type was evaluated in terms of (i) tangible and intangible value for the user, (ii) tangible costs and risk premium for the provider, (iii) capital/investment needs and (iv) issues such as the providers’ position in the value chain and client relations. The environmental potential was evaluated by checking the relevance of certain impact reduction mechanisms (e.g. more intensive use of capital goods, inherent incentives for sustainable user and provider behaviour etc.). Most PSS types will result in marginal environmental Business Strategy and the Environment Bus. Strat. Env. 13, 246–260 (2004) Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/bse.414
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